The oases of Al Ain form asignificant component of the Cultural Sites of al-Ain, a UNESCO World Heritageproperty inscribed in 2011. The oases are watered by a combination of wells andaflaj, deep man-made underground channels tapping water at the foot ofthe mountains and transporting it over considerable distances to the oases.These traditional systems continued into the 1960s when this traditional way of life wastransformed by oil wealth and changes to the groundwater regime. In the past 50years the population of Al Ain has grown from 5000 to more than half a million.

Archaeological evidence shows that this landscape hasbeen occupied for the last ten thousand years and saw periods of intensive settlement andactivity in the Bronze Age (3200-1300 BCE), the Iron Age (1300-300 BCE, the late Pre-Islamic period (300 BCE-300 CE),the Early Islamic period (800-1000 CE) and the Late Islamic period (1500-1950 CE), with periods of correspondingly less activitybetween. Complex systems of water management have been at the heart of each ofthese periods of activity.

The origins of Falaj Al Mazmi can be traced back to the early Iron Age, a period marked by significant advancements in irrigation and water management techniques in the Arabian Peninsula. The system was meticulously constructed using stone and mortar to create underground channels that tapped into groundwater sources. These channels were designed to transport water over long distances, allowing for the irrigation of fields and the provision of drinking water.

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